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| Producing Depth & Relief
From very early times, Indian artists have been using a variety of techniques to produce an illusion of the third dimension. |
| Perspective
An example of expert rendering in perspective.
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| Multiple Vision
A technique of painting scenes from different angles and merging them, similar to the modern technique called Multiple Vision.
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| Using Colours
Main techniques animnonnata - flat style nimnonnata - relief by shading. Animnonnata A flat style that uses dark colours for the subjects in the foreground against a background of lighter shades, or vice versa.
Nimnonnata Vartana Shading techniques choosing judiciously tones and colours. Ujjotana Adding highlights.
Vartana A high-relief technique to produce an illusion of the third dimension. There are three main variations. Patraja - (‘shading-like-the-lines-of-a-leaf’) Illusion of depth is achieved by drawing lines to follow contour of the body. Binduja - (dot and stipple method) Illusion of depth is achieved by painting dots with variations in concentration of dots. Airika - (a wash technique) Illusion of depth is achieved by executing tonal variation and avoiding hard-lines Ujjotana - (adding highlights) Highlights in the form of white patches added on the cheeks, the chin, the nose, etc to get a three-dimensional effect. Chaya-tapa - (‘shade-and-shine’) This produces a chiaroscuro effect. Use of Blue Colour (Lapis Lazuli) In the later period lapis lazuli, a blue, imported mineral came to be used as an effective medium for creating visual depth,contrasting with warm red and brown tones.
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